Is There an Association Between Diabetic Neuropathy and Low Vitamin D Levels?

Diabetic neuropathy bmj, Global epidemiology of prediabetes - present and future perspectives.

PDF, 1. Research concerning diabetes and its complications has become a public health priority.

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An increasing number of reports link vitamin D deficiency to diabetes; however, so far, there has only been limited and contradictory data available on the correlation between diabetic peripheral neuropathy and vitamin D. Studies of people with type 2 diabetes confirmed the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and neuropathy incidence as well as the severity of the symptoms caused by neuropathy.

The latest studies are also suggesting a relationship between the incidence of plantar ulcers and vitamin D deficiency. Keywords Vitamin D. Diabetes mellitus. Neuropathy Zs. Putz and T. Martos contributed equally to this study. Introduction Today, the consequences of vitamin D deficiency are increasingly considered as a public health priority that needs to be tackled.

An increasing quantity of evidence is being published about the widespread effects of vitamin D going beyond influencing bone and calcium homeostasis. Several studies have reported on the association of vitamin D deficiency with cardiovascular disease, fogyókúra cukorbetegség, autoimmune conditions and overall mortality.

A recent meta-analysis of 73 cohort studies and 22 randomised controlled trials [1] that evaluate the correlation between vitamin D levels and the risk of cause-specific death showed a moderate, but significant, inverse association between circulating hydroxyvitamin D 25OHD concentrations and t; he risk of all-cause mortality.

This association diabetic neuropathy bmj more specific for deaths due to coronary disease, lymphoma, upper digestive cancer and respiratory disorders.

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Low vitamin D levels may be associated with higher incidence of diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases as well. Martos : N. Németh : A. Körei : O. Vági : M. Kempler : P. Martos e-mail: timea. Németh e-mail: nora. Körei e-mail: anna.

Vági e-mail: vagiorsi gmail. Kempler e-mail: kempler.

Go to: References 1. Prediabetes: a high-risk state for diabetes development. Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group The prevalence of retinopathy in impaired glucose tolerance and recent-onset diabetes in the diabetes prevention program. Diabet Med. Diabetes Care.

Numerous studies have implicated vitamin D in the pathophysiology of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes; however, conclusive causal proof is yet lacking. A recent study of Wolden-Kirk et al.

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Human and mouse islets were exposed to IL-1β and interferon-γ in the presence or absence of active vitamin D. Cytokine exposure caused a significant increase in β-cellPage 2 of 6 apoptosis, which was almost completely prevented by active vitamin D. In addition, vitamin D restored insulin secretion from cytokine-exposed islets. These effects may contribute to the beneficial effects of vitamin D against the induction of autoimmune diabetes.

Vitamin D deficiency was examined in pre-type 1 diabetic children, following disease progression from autoantibody seroconversion until diabetic neuropathy bmj diabetes [4]. However, vitamin D deficiency was not associated with faster progression to diabetes in autoantibody-positive children. In the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey —a cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative sample of the US population was analysed [5].

Chronic Complications of Diabetes Mellitus Historically, chronic complications of diabetes mellitus have been divided into two categories on the basis of didactical considerations: microangiopathic and macroangiopathic complications.

Within the group of microangiopathic diabetic neuropathy bmj, retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy are considered specific to the diabetic condition. These characteristic complications only occur in patients with diabetes.

diabetic neuropathy bmj folk módszerek a kezelés a cukorbetegség

Macroangiopathy presents with the various forms of atherosclerosis, which ischemic heart disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease are well known to develop also without any link to diabetes.

Although the macroangiopathic complications occurring in diabetes do tend to show certain clinical characteristics in terms of their frequency, localisation, symptoms and course, they are not fundamentally different from the forms of their occurrence in patients without diabetes.

Thus, the diseases that develop on the basis of macroangiopathy cannot be considered chronic complications specific to diabetes.

  • Kezelés szóda cukorbeteg vélemények
  • Ennek haemodynamicai magyarázata főképp az, hogy az egyes nephronokban a vas efferens mérsékelt szűkülete, a vas afferens tágulata jön létre, ezáltal megnő az intraglomerularis nyomás és az ultrafiltratum mennyisége.
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Within the chronic complications that are specific to diabetes, neuropathy is of outstanding significance, as it tends to appear—as a complication of diabetes with a bad prognosis— Curr Diab Rep in over half of the patients with type 2 diabetes. The autonomic and sensory damage belongs to the progressive forms of neuropathy, the clinical and prognostic significance of which has only become clear in the past few decades.

Follow-up studies conducted with diabetic patients confirmed that the existence of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy increases mortality five times. Today, we consider sensory neuropathy to be the most important factor in the diabetic foot condition. The fact that amputations of the lower leg are 15—45 times more frequent among people with diabetes than in the non-diabetic population should draw attention to the importance of this condition.

In the developed industrial countries, nearly half of all lower-leg amputations of a non-traumatic origin are performed on patients with diabetes, while timely discovery and appropriate complex diabetic neuropathy bmj could provide an opportunity to prevent primarily those of a neuropathic origin [6—8].

The Effects of Vitamin D on the Nervous System The role of vitamin D in preventing and treating various neurological diseases has been studied for several years. The effect of vitamin D is confirmed by VDR and CYP27B1 expression measureable in the nervous system, diabetic neuropathy bmj the brain, in the nerve and in the glial cells [9].

diabetic neuropathy bmj hiperinzulinémia jelentése

It is a well-known fact that there is a link between the incidence of sclerosis multiplex and geography; the risk of sclerosis multiplex increases parallel to the increase diabetic neuropathy bmj the diabetic neuropathy bmj from the Equator. Ample data confirm that lower serum 25OHD levels correlate with the incidence, relapses and mortality of sclerosis multiplex and with the active sclerosis multiplex lesions identified on MRI images of the brain [10—16].

Treatment involving high dosages of vitamin D slows down the progression of disability linked to multiple sclerosis [17].

Is There an Association Between Diabetic Neuropathy and Low Vitamin D Levels?

However, the real therapeutic efficacy of vitamin D in the treatment of the disease will be revealed by the clinical trials that are currently under way [18]. The risk role of vitamin D deficiency has also been proven in the development of neurodegenerative diseases.

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Another study examined the correlation between 25OHD levels and cognitive decline in Italian individuals over the age of The study of Ding et al. The Role of Vitamin D in the Development of Neuropathy Notwithstanding the numerous publications on the relationship between diabetic neuropathy bmj and vitamin D deficiency, there are few— and only contradictory—data concerning the actual correlation between vitamin Diabetic neuropathy bmj deficiency and neuropathy Table 1.

In vitro data and the outcomes of animal testing have both confirmed the a legjobb klinikán a cukorbetegség kezelésében a világon played by vitamin D analogues in stimulating and reducing the breakdown of the nerve growth factor that is crucial to the survival of sympathetic and sensory neurons. A vitamin D derivative CB was examined in the study of Riaz et al.

In streptozotocin-diabetic rats, deficient nerve growth factor NGF causes impaired neurotrophic support in the muscle and skin. CB stimulates the expression of NGF in both the skin and muscle of diabetic and control rats.

In sciatic nerves of diabetic rats, the depletions of nerve growth factor and its neuronal diabetic neuropathy bmj gene products substance P and CGRP were prevented by CB These findings suggest that in animal models of Table 1 The main outcomes of the relevant studies examining the relationship between vitamin D supply and neuropathy Authors Type of study Number of subjects included Follow-up Main outcome periods Result Lee P et al.

diabetic neuropathy bmj a kezelés a cukorbetegség diéta 10

Overall and specific quality-of-life measures were also improved. Logistic regressions demonstrate vitamin D insufficiency is associated with the adjusted composite paresthesia measure odds ratio 2. Serum OH-vitamin D levels were significantly lower in the group with neuropathy, NA not available, MPQ McGill pain questionnaire, VAS visual analogue self-report scalePage 4 of 6 diabetes, it is possible to prevent depletions of nerve growth factor and the products of its neuronal target genes by a vitamin D derivative, which could be a possible mechanism of the therapeutic effect of vitamin D in human diabetic neuropathy, as well.